A novel method is proposed to customize an existing mechanistic model of the cardiovascular system through feature extraction from cardiopulmonary acoustic signals to estimate blood pressure using artificial intelligence. The method personalizes the model using information from vibroacoustic sensors, showing promise in simulation results for blood pressure estimation accuracy. The study integrates computational modeling and data-driven methods, with potential applications in drug effect assessment and non-invasive cardiovascular monitoring.

An ultrasonic sonar-based ranging technique is introduced for measuring full-field railroad crosstie deflections, utilizing an array of air-coupled ultrasonic transducers for non-contact inspections. The technique, validated through field tests at a BNSF train yard in San Diego, CA, shows potential for accurate and repeatable tie deflection measurements. The study also incorporates machine learning-based image processing for tie boundary demarcation and spatial location tracking. The results indicate the technique's capability for in-motion inspections, with further developments needed for higher speed applications.

Rapidly depleting petroleum resources and rising public concern related to climate change have prompted research into alternative energy resources. The conversion of waste to energy, particularly waste tyres, presents an opportunity to replace conventional fuels while reducing environmental burdens. Tyre pyrolysis oil (TPO), derived from scrap tyres, has potential as an alternative to diesel, offering benefits such as recycling waste rubber and decreasing reliance on natural resources. This study reviews the engine performance and emission characteristics of TPO, focusing on parameters like brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), and exhaust emissions. The research highlights the effects of reactor operating parameters, such as temperature and catalyst type, on the pyrolysis process and fuel yields. The findings suggest that TPO can be a viable substitute for diesel, with varying impacts on engine performance and emissions depending on the blend ratio and operating conditions.

The study investigates the therapeutic potential of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against the harmful effects of diesel emissions on human bronchial epithelial cells. It also examines the efficacy of biodiesel, specifically coconut oil and used oil substitutions, as alternative fuel sources. Results indicate that NAC and 20% coconut oil substituted biodiesel significantly improve cell viability and reduce IL-8 secretion, highlighting their potential in mitigating diesel emission-related health risks.